Criminal law is the primary instrument of the state to maintain social order, peace, and security by defining public wrongs and prescribing punishments.
This unit explores the conception of crime, traces the colonial codification under Lord Macaulay, and provides a comprehensive comparative overview of the newly enacted Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023 and the historical Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860.
🔑 Key Learning Areas:
- The distinction between Criminal offenses and Civil wrongs.
- The territorial and personal applicability of the BNS, 2023.
- Key structural updates and new offenses introduced by the BNS.